This report documents the impact of rural life on the behavioral health of women, providing a comprehensive review of the current literature covering a broad array of interrelated behavioral health care needs and concluding with a discussion of the most pressing priorities for future research, policy decisions, and treatment implications. The report discusses the following; depression and anxiety, substance abuse, maternal health, HIV / AIDS, violence, homicide and suicide, gay rural women, elderly rural women, disabled rural women as well commonly cited barriers to treatment.